Vehicle Parking Assist Systems Explained | Cars and Trucks

By JasonLancaster
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Almost every kind of vehicle has experienced a growth in size over the past decade. An "entry-level" car by a company such as BMW nowadays might be near the size and weight of a mid-size car ten years ago. As vehicles have gotten bigger, parking has become harder and harder.

The most obvious vehicle size increase has been in the pickup truck segment, where "small" trucks like the Dodge Dakota now look like giants beside their early predecessors. Full-size trucks have also been expanding, becoming heavier, wider and taller. Toyota too has participated in this growth trend. The Toyota Tundra was originally a mid-size pickup marketed to full-size buyers. Toyota realized a larger vehicle could fit more customers, and as a result, the 2007 Tundra was much bigger than earlier models in almost every dimension.

While size does matter, all of that increased mass is nowhere near as easy to park as it used to be. For instance, when you ride in a new Toyota Tundra, you'll probably find it difficult to tell exactly where the truck begins and ends. Vehicle designers, in an effort to make our lives easier, have come up with something called "parking assist" to help overcome this issue.

"Parking assist" is, on most vehicles, a system of sensors mounted on one or both sets of bumpers which beeps as the vehicle approaches an object. The beeps usually begin from about 6 feet away from an obstacle, and increase in frequency as you approach, becoming a continuous tone at about 6 inches from the obstacle. Beeping frequency and onset vary between different systems. The parking assist is a great tool for parallel parking, and can also serve as a warning if a small object such as a fence post or child is near your vehicle. But how does it work?

The system works using a set of "eyes", or special sensors, mounted in the vehicle's bumpers. The sensors regularly transmit highly focused sound waves from the bumpers, which are reflected back towards the sensor whenever they hit a solid object. Since sound travels at a fairly constant speed through air, a computer can calculate the distance between the bumper and object based on the amount of time it takes for the signal to return to the bumper. Submarines using active sonar underwater employ the same basic principle, although water transmits sound better than air, which results in better range for the submarine sensors.

The system is effective with detecting stationary objects such as other vehicles, posts and garage doors, but is not sensitive enough to reliably detect smaller moving objects, such as animals, all-terrain vehicles, or children. These small objects might not generate a consistent warning beep, or even any warning at all. Thus, although parking assist systems, also called parking sonar, may be a great tool for parking, they cannot replace driver caution. It's still up to drivers to check that there is no one in the way of their vehicle as they park.

High-end luxury cars have started to move on to the next generation of parking assist systems, which use a video camera and complex computer program alongside the sound sensor system. The result is more accurate input to the vehicle, which instead of merely warning drivers close to an object, will actually steer and park the vehicle for them. This is very useful with parallel parking - you just have to let the car control the steering, gas and brake. What interesting and amazing technology we have these days!

About the Author

The author Jason Lancaster administrates TundraHeadquarters.com, a web site with information, news, and reviews of Toyota Tundra parts and Tundra accessories.

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